Past GIS Lab Projects

GIS lab and staff played a crucial role in the projects listed. This is not a comprehensive list. Please contact Brian Fulfrost, GIS Lab Coordinator (fulfrost@ucsc.edu), for more information.

Faculty / Lab Research Projects

John Deck and Mary Tsui - Aerial Imagery Guidelines

Kimberly Heinemeyer - Wolverine Research (2000)

Jim Estes, Chris Cogan - California Biodiversity Project (1997)

Marc Los Huertos - Water Quality and Agriculture in the Monterey Bay

Daniel Press, Hope Malcom - Santa Clara County Open Space and Demographics

Carol Shennan, Collin Bode, Hilary Maag - Tule Lake Hydrology Modeling Project (UCB)

Dan Doak - Using Demographic Techniques to Test for the Signatures of Environmental Change

Dan Doak, Matt Kaufman, Eric Jule - Infected Cedar Forests Study

Steve Minta, Kim Heinemeyer - Yellowstone Habitat Fragmentation and Pine Marten Movement Study

Verna Jigour, Rich Hunter, Kim Heinemeyer, Joe Rigney, John Deck - Ventana Wildlands Project Summary

Lynda Goff, John Deck, Rosalie Hackett, Erle Ellis - Arboretum and Farm Mapping Project (1999)

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Undergraduate Projects

Jill Tiffany Hamsa Gregg-Sanders - Mapping and Indigenous Peoples
(Spring 1999, Envs 115)

EJ Dick - Appplications of GIS and Remote Sensing in Fisheries Management
(Winter 2000, Envs 115)

Allison Duffy - Chaparral Patch Preservation in the Elkhorn Slough Watershed
(Winter 2000, Envs 115)

Sara Sweet - Limitations of GPS and GIS When Determining Slope For Hiking Trails in Wooded Areas (Winter 2000, Envs 115)

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Summary of 1998 - 2000 Projects

Project: $15,000 Classroom Technology Grant for improved access to geographic data resources.

This project is intended to improve access to shared geographic data sources at UCSC. A SUN server will be setup with over 150 Gigabytes of disk space dedicated to serving geographic datasets of California and California's Central Coast.
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User: John Deck and Cynthia Jahns (Map Librarian)

Project: $8,000 grant from USGS "Don't Duck Metadata Program" to catalogue metadata for Map Library and NASA data catalogues.

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User: Felicia Rein
Date: To be published in September 1999

"An economic analysis of Vegetative Buffer Strip Implentation. Case Study: Elkhorn Slough, Monterey Bay, California" --Coastal Management, 27:377-390, 1999

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User: Kim Heinemeyer
PI: Sanjayan Muttulingam
Agency Affiliation: The Nature Conservancy
Dates: Spring –Fall 1999

Project: Biological Inventory of Properties in Riverside County for the The Nature Conservancy.

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User: Alexa Kielty
Date: Fall, 1999 – Spring 2000
Agency Affiliation: Student in Environmental Studies, UCSC

I will be collecting agro-ecological data from the farm at Finca Loma Linda, Costa Rica. I hope to evaluate farm management situations for their sustainablity in a broad ecological sense. I will be collecting data through an array of experiments that will measure salinity levels, pest populations, erosion rates, etc.
The maps I generate via Arcview can be used to explain geographically what is working successfully on the farm and what is not. It is a geographic depiction of what is ocurring ecologically on the farm.

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User: Hope Malcom
Agency Affiliation: UCSC Transportation and Parking Services and Santa Cruz METRO
Date: June - July, 1999
Project Budget: $5,000

This project will examine the distribution of UCSC Students, Faculty, and Staff throughout Santa Cruz and utilize GIS route models to suggest where additional express bus lines are best located.

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User: Ben Benumof
PI: Gary Griggs
Date: September, 1997 - December, 1998
Affilation: Earth Sciences

A series of seacliff stability investigations in San Diego County, CA aimed at studying relationships between long-term erosion rates, seacliff material properties, and various forcing factors including incident wave energy and groundwater seepage.

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User: Ben Benumof
PI: Gary Griggs
Date: September, 1998 - January, 1999
Affiliation: Earth Sciences

In this study, we mapped Mauna Loa (Hawaii) lava flows (area and age) in the vicinity of the Big Island Correctional Facility to assess future volcanic hazards to the facility. Using ARC-INFO, we were able to compile a polygon database that allowed us to conduct a statistical assessment of past lava flows in order to 'predict' possible hazards of future Mauna Loa lava flows.

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User: Eli Bernstein
PI: Steve Gleismann
Date: February, 1999
Affiliation: Environmental Studies

Thanks again for letting my use the slide scanner etc, at your lab two weeks ago. The pictures I scanned were incorporated into my senior thesis which was about a project I instigated last summer. The Apprenticeship in Small Scale, Sustainable Food Production was a series of classes I taught to primarily low-income santa cruz residents in which the fundamental concepts and skills required to grow one's own food were demonstrated in a hands-on environment. The hands-on environment was a 1/4 acre garden which I started last spring and which provided bountiful amounts of fresh vegetables to those who took the classes, as well as friends, neighboors and family.

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Users: Joan Brunkard and Karsten Mueller
PI: Brent Haddad
Affiliation: Environmental Studies
Dates: March 1999 - June 1999
Series of Maps and layouts for book to be entitled: "Rivers of Gold". (Island Press)

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User: Lisa Digirolamo
PI: Laurel Fox
Dates: March 1999 - present
Affiliation: Biology

I'm interested in looking at the effects of the invasive exotic Argentine ant, Linepithema humile, on plant communities. These indirect effects come about due to the ability of the Argentine ant to outcompete and extirpate most native ant species, many of which have mutualistic relationships with plants. I'll be conducting the first part of my research at the UC reserve on the former Fort Ord.
I'll be using GIS to map the invasion front. I'm assuming the invasion is relatively recent and the front is still moving. I have evidence that it is not moving in a consistant pattern throughout the reserve, but rather that it's moving through certain vegetation communities faster than others. I would like to document this phenomenon.

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User: Josh Donlan
PI: Berny Tershie
Dates: February 1999 - Present
Affiliation: Island Conservation and Ecology Group
(the GIS lab has written an MOU with ICEG, agreeing to host their WWW server for this project in exchange for use of their Dell Server).

Over the past year, I have been developing an island conservation relational database for the over 200 islands in Northwest México. From gray and published literature and personal experiences of our group and others, we have compiled all the info we can get our hands on concerning the islan>(e.g., geography, species accounts, human use, introduced species, extinction, endemism). The main purpose of this database is to facilitate and prioritize conservation action and make this info available to gov't orgs and NGOs. A secondary purpose is to do some cool biogeographic and applied regional analyses. While this dbase is still in development, we have released the 1st version over the WWW. What makes this dbase is unique, is that I am using some new software that allows everything (development,maintaining the data, and the user-interface) to be done over the WWW. So a taxonomist that the dbase managers don't even know exist can enter data into the dbase about some island, the data come back to us, we validate it -and it loads right into the dbase. A very powerful conservation tool.

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User: Glenn Spinelli
PI: Andy Fisher
Dates: Selected Dates between February, 1999 - June 1999
Affiliation: Earth Sciences
We used the GIS/ISC Lab GPS to determine location of our 4 sampling sites in the bay (where we collected sediment cores and installed seepage meters and porewater peepers). We will use a GPS unit again to re-locate the stations in about 1 month in order to recover the seepage meters and porewater peepers.

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User: Marc Los Huertos
PI: Jim Gill
Dates: Spring Quarter, 1999
Affiliation: Earth Sciences

The GIS Lab now has extensive files of information related to ground water resources in Monterey County, provided by the Monterey County Water Resources Agency (MCWRA). The location of major roads, surface water, and political boundaries are digitally available in addition to the location of several hundred ground water wells. Information about the completion of these wells (e.g., when they were drilled and which aquifer they tap) is available, as are data for water level and water quality for many years.
The procurer of the files and initial user of the information is Jim Gill, Professor of Earth Sciences. With graduate student Aaron Reyes, Visiting Scientist Avner Vengosh, partners from LLNL and USGS, and a grant from the UC Water Resources Council, he has been studying the sources of salinity in the ground water of the northern Salinas Valley. Sea water intrusion and nitrate contamination have been occurring there since the 1940's, are controversial and livelihood-threatening processes, and have resulted in public works projects costing scores of millions of dollars. Gill's work involves elemental and isotopic studies of well water and surface water samples to determine their age and origins. Being able to visualize spatial and temporal patterns of large amounts of geochemical data from MCWRA and USGS informs the choice of particular samples for more sophisticated and expensive analyses at UCSC and LLNL. Marc Los Huertos is doing the GIS work.

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User: Allison Graff
PI: Allison Graff
Affiliation: Biology
Dates: March, 1999

Here's how I'm using the GIS lab. I'm studying the reporductive ecology of a local plant species, Sidalcea malviflora ssp. malviflora. It has a gynodioecious sexual system, meaning that individuals are either female or hermaphrodite. There has been alot of inquiry into why this sexual dimorphism is maintained in plant populations. I'm looking at how various ecological processes and patterns alter the relative fitness of the
genders. selecting for or against one gender. In particular, I am interested in how the spatial distribution of the genders might influence the reproductive fitness of individuals. There are reasons to predict that the genders should be patchily distributed in gynodioecious populations. This should be a problem for females, who need pollen from hermaphrodites to make seeds.
So...I'm using Arcinfo under Marc's tutelage to test for spatial autocorrelation of the genders, using mapping data from 2 populations. In GRID, using the kriging command, you can compute a measure of spatial autocorrelation for each gender, based on how far away plants are from each other. Autocorrelation should decrease with distance. And it does! It worked!

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User: Catherine Riihimaki
PI: Bob Anderson
Affiliation: Earth Science
Dates: March, 1999 - Present

I am interested in studying the effects of past climate change and tectonic uplift on the erosion or deposition of sediment in basins. In particular, the Laramide basins of Wyoming and Colorado (e.g. the Wind River basin, Big Horn basin, and Denver basin) all have experienced extensive excavation over the past 10 million years; in some areas, the basin elevation has dropped by over 1.5 km. However, the causes of this period of extensive erosion are not well understood. I am interested in developing a numerical model that allows for the coupling of climate, tectonic forcing, and stream power.
I will use Arc/Info to determine basic hydrological properties of the Laramide basins, beginning with the Denver basin along the Colorado Front Range. This includes extracting drainage basin areas as well as
extracting east-west profiles of the topography. I don't anticipate my DEM analyses to be a major part of my research; they will be used to constrain my model parameters and initial conditions, not as a major
result of my basin interpretations.

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User: Rio Russell
PI: Ray Collette
Affiliation: UCSC Arboretum
Dates: July 1998

The area I wish to map is named the Northern Calironia Native Area(NCNA) and is located in the Arboretum, on the West side of the pond. The map will be a part of my thesis project for the Biology department. Ray Collette(Arboretum founder) is my sponsor. My thesis, at current, is titled: Development of the Northern California Native Area, a representation of NCUs habitats. I have been planting, collecting, and, propagating plants for/in the NCNA in the lastyear. The NCNAUs main theme is based on the habitats of Northern California. I will use the GPS to map the boundaries of the different habitats found within the NCNA and to locate some special specimen plants. I may also use it to locate some trails. I have already scanned an arial photograph of the arboroetum from the map room. I saved it on a macintosh computer using adobe photoshop. I would like to input coordinates from the GPS onto the arial photograph using the technology in your computer lab. Under the guidance of Josh Donlin, I used a GPS(Garmin brand) for a month when I was in Baja, on the Todos Santos Islands. We used the GPS to find and generate transects and also to map the North island. The map I want to create of the native area map will aid in the future planning for the NCNA and will also be a useful reference for whoever may want to use it.

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User: Laura Ruiz
PI: Marc Los Huertos
Affiliation: Environmental Studies
Dates: August 1998 - January 1999

I want to analyze the proximity of water (reach3) to agricultural land uses taking slope into consideration and perhaps something about soil type and precipitation. At first I will just get her started on making simple maps of Elkhorn, Salinas, and Pajaro watersheds with DEMs and perhaps make some TINs.

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User: Elizabeth Safran
PI: Bob Anderson
Affiliation: Earth Science
Dates: January 1999 - present

Among my goals during my post-doc is to advance some GIS work I began during the course of my Ph.D. project. I have been analyzing regional variation in the morphologic characteristics of mountain ranges and relating this variation to the range's channel network incision history, which I have been simulating independently. Specifically, I have focused on the Eastern Cordillera of the Bolivian Andes. I have been digitizing channel and ridge profiles from 1:50,000-scale topographic maps and examining the down-basin variation in local relief, ridge gradient, and channel gradient. Recently, a new group of maps was published that fills a long-standing gap in the topographic coverage of the Bolivian Andes. I would like to supplement my existing morphometric database by digitizing additional data from these maps. This data will allow me to examine more detailed hypotheses than previously possible, such as the extent of correlation between lithology and channel and ridge morphology. I would also like to extend my analyses to a DEM "noodle," derived from SIR-C data, that traverses my field area.
To summarize my GIS needs, I would like access to Arc/Info, ArcView (for purposes of display), and a digitizing board. I expect my use of the GIS lab would be intermittent, most likely concentrated during the late winter or early spring quarter. I estimate my use will not exceed 10 hrs/week.

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User: Collin Bode
PI: Carroll Shennan
Affiliation: Environmental Studies
Dates: 1997 - present

What are the goals of the research and why are we doing it? Wetland/cropland rotation cycles or 'sump rotations' are being studied to evaluate their feasibility as a future m1anagement option for the Tulelake Wildlife Refuge. The idea is to see if a combination of short- or long-term rotations can improve wetland habitat diversity while also creating agricultural land free from soil pathogens and sustain a viable and productive agriculture within the lease lands.

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User: John Deck, Kim Heinemeyer, Josh Logan
Affiliation: GIS/ISC Lab, California Wilderness Coalition, Coast Range Ecosystem Alliance
Dates: Summer 1998 - present

Spanning the inner and outer coast ranges southward from San Francisco to San Luis Obispo Counties, and named after the Ventana Wilderness, the one extant core reserve large enough to support fully intact ecosystem functions in the region, the Ventana Wildlands Project vision maps begin to prioritize regional conservation and restoration needs using the spatial requirements of keystone and umbrella wildlife species as indicators of ecosystem health. Employing digital data from a variety of sources, including the California Gap Analysis of 1998, the vision maps reveal current constraints, as well as strategic opportunities for ecosystem restoration at a regional scale. Initial focal species include cougar, a suite of grassland predators, tule elk, and salmonids. Overlain with maps depicting special elements (e.g., roadless areas and threatened species), gap analysis of regional plant communities, and existing human land use patterns, a prioritized vision emerges illustrating where restoration efforts may be most effective in supporting ecosystem integrity.

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Users: Brett Elderd, Dan Doak
PI: Dan Doak
Affiliation: Biology/ Environmental Studies
Dates: Summer, 1998 - Present

The frequent lack of correspondence between measured population size or age structures and those predicted from demographic models has usually been seen as an embarrassment due to poor data or the failings of overly-simplistic models.
However, such mismatches can also arise due to temporal trends in demographic rates caused by natural or anthropogenic changes in the environment, and thus may provide the evidence needed to test hypotheses about the ecological effects of local or global environmental change. In the proposed work, we will quantify the demography and population structure of Silene acaulis, a circumboreal alpine cushion plant, in southcentral Alaska, an area that has undergone rapid increases in temperature over the last three decades.

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Users: Rosalie Hackett, Erle Ellis
PI: Lynda Goff, Carol Shennan, John Deck
Affiliation: UCSC Arboretum and Farm
Dates: September 1998 - June 1999

Develop digital base layers of the UCSC Farm and Arboretum using orthorectified imagery. This project involved generating a detailed digital terrain model, rectifying an aerial photograph, and generating subsequent base layers from that.

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User: Hope Malcom
PI: Daniel Press
Affiliation: Environmental Studies
Dates: May 1997 - March 1998

Focusing on California, the project analyzes differences in local open-space preservation, and will propose explanations for these differences at the county level. The project results will then be used to help local communities throughout California improve their land acquisition programs. The Community and Conservation Project is supported by grants from the US Environmental Protection Agency, the John Randolph Haynes and Dora Haynes Foundation of Los Angeles, and the UCSC Social Sciences Division.

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User: Marc Los Huertos
PI: Steve Gliessman
Dates: 1995 - present
Affiliation: Environmental Studies

Agricultural runoff generates significant amounts of chemical fertilizer. This research has been designed to coordinate across several ecological and economic goals to improve water quality in the Monterey Bay Santuary. The primary focus of my research is how vegetation and nitrogen interact on the boarders of heavily fertilized farms. In general, this study was developed to improve the ecological sustainability of agriculture in our area

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User: Kim Heinemeyer
PI: Dan Doak
Dates: March 1999 - Present
Project: Identification of Potential Wolverine Natal Denning and Foraging Habitats, and Surveys for Wolverine Presence and Potential Recreational Impacts

In 1998-99, we began a project to gather data on the distribution of wolverine and potential impacts to critical wolverine habitats from winter recreational use across the southwestern portion of the Yellowstone Ecosystem as a collaborative effort with University of California, Santa Cruz, Targhee National Forest, and Idaho Department of Fish and Game. Using a GIS-based wolverine denning model, we predicted habitats with high potential to have had recent wolverine activity and, thus, tracks. Because these habitats are located in high elevation cirque basins, they also provide suitable habitats for aerial surveys. We conducted these aerial surveys from helicopter across these identified habitats. The surveys in 1998-99 identified 4 sets of wolverine tracks – 2 in Teton Range, 1 in Targhee Basin, and 1 in the Beaverhead Range. Additionally, we mapped the presence of snowmobile and ski use within the surveyed habitats. Analyses of the data are on-going and will be presented to the cooperators of the project in the form of a final report with maps of potential wolverine habitat and locations of the wolverines and winter recreational use.

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Users: Kim Heinemeyer, John Deck
Dates: March 1999 - present
Project: Methods to Assess Small Scale Spatial Heterogeniety Across Forested Landscapes

We are working with the Targhee National Forest to develop effective means of measuring small scale spatial heterogeniety across forested landscapes. Most measures of spatial heterogeniety examine larger scale variations, averaging over important smaller scale processes that create important wildlife habitat. For example, tree falls create gaps in otherwise continguous forests, and have been shown to provide critical resources for several wildlife species. We are developing methods to efficiently and accurately identify and measure small gaps in the forest canopy, using digital orthophoto quads and remote sensing software.

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User: Kim Heinemeyer
PI: Steve Minta
Dates: 1996 - Present
Project: Ecology of Martens in Yellowstone

Project description not available currently.

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User: Chen Keasar
PI: Prof. Michael Levitt
Affliliation: Dept. of Structural biology, Stanford University
Dates: May, 1998 - December, 1998

Our work is in the field of protein structure prediction - the attempt to deduce the native three-dimensional structures of proteins based on their one-dimensional sequence of amino-acids. We start from a random nonnative conformation and try, by an iterative series of optimization steps, to generate structures that are increasingly "native-like". The optimization is guided by a novel energy function that assigns better scores (lower energies) to structures with native characteristics. As this process almost always fails to generate a near-native structure, it is repeated many times and the resulting structures are sorted by their energy. Our objective now is to test this scheme on as many proteins as possible and to fine-tune the energy function according to the results.
In order to achieve this objective a considerable amount of computer time is required, and as our in-house resources are limited we now seek additional computer power. We would be very grateful if we were allowed to use the computation resources of the GIS-ISC lab of your department. If this permission is granted, we will do our utmost to ensure that research and teaching in the lab won't be affected.

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Users: Matt Kauffman and Eric Jules
PI: Dan Doak
Dates: May, 1998 - present
Affiliation: Environmental Studies, Biology

Project: Infected Port Orford Cedar Forests. Current project description is unavailable.

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User: David Kossack
PI: David Kossack, Ph.D.
Dates: March, 1999 - Present
Affiliation: San Andreas Land Conservancy

Through a MOU with the GIS/ISC Laboratory, Dr. Kossack will be using analyzing remotely sensed images using the UNIX workstations in the lab.

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Summary of 1994 - 1998 Projects

PUBLICATIONS / REPORTS

• Cogan, C.B. 1997. The California biodiversity project: Application of ecological data to biodiversity analysis, Proceedings of the 1997 Annual ESRI User Conference.
• Cogan, C.B. 1996. The California biodiversity project: Selection and use of biodiversity indicators, Proceedings of the 1996 Annual ESRI User Conference.
• Doak, D. and Harding-Smith, E. 1997. Predator Management in San Francisco Bay Wetlands: Past Trends and Future Strategies, a report completed for the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service under contract with UCSC.
• Goldstein, B. 1996. The California Biodiversity Project: Linking a GIS Model with the Planning Process, Proceedings of the 1996 Annual ESRI User Conference.
• Letourneau, D. 1997. Natural Enemies: Lessons from Conservation Biology (Chapter in book: "Conservation Biological Control"), Academic Press, San Diego, ed. P. Barbosa.
• Minta, S., Doak, D., Pepper, J., and Soule, M. 1994. U.S. Navy Resource Management Plan. Report prepared for the U.S. Navy.
• Thorne, E. 1996. Methodology for Mapping Historic Wetlands: A San Francisco Bay Region Example. Proceedings of the 10th Annual GIS Symposium.
• Thorne, E. 1997. Methodology for Mapping Wetland Reclamation: A Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta Example. Proceedings of the 11th Annual GIS Symposium.

POSTERS

• Cogan, C.B. 1996. Idaho Gap Analysis Project. ESRI Map Book, Volume 11.
• Los Huertos, M. 1997. Nitrogen Cycling in Elkhorn Slough. Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary Symposia.
• Mullen, A. and Cogan, C. 1997. Salmon habitats on California's Central Coast. Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary Symposia.
• Press, Daniel. 1997. Santa Clara County Local Open Space Map. Presented at Packard Foundation Meeting.
• Rein, Felicia. 1997. The effectiveness of vegetated buffer strips in protecting water quality, Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary Symposia. Award for best student poster.

SELECTED LABORATORY PROJECTS

• Anderson, B. and graduate students. 1994. Geomorphology and watershed analysis.
• Cogan, C. 1996. Developing aquatic-terrestrial Gap Analysis.
• Crooks, K. 1996. Habitat and spatial analysis of fox and skunks.
• Estes, J. 1994. Change in sea otter population numbers and distribution before and after the Exxon Valdez oil spill.
• Ferigo, R. 1997. Distribution of gang related activities in Santa Cruz County.
• Gleissman, S. and Ohlander, K. 1996. Agroecology of regional communities.
• Goldstein, B. 1995. Roads as an indicator of biodiversity and socio-economic development.
• Griggs, G. and graduate students, 1997. Support for a project measuring coastal erosion rates in Santa Cruz and San Diego Counties using soft-copy photogrammetry.
• Imrie, R. 1996. Planning for Native American Lands.
• Keller, J. 1995. Bioregional analysis of the Santa Cruz Mountains: Social and Biological Systems.
• Latta, B. 1997. Tracking birds of prey using GPS and GIS technologies.
• Lasky, G. 1995. Spatial analysis of urban development in a flood region using GIS/RS.
• Los Huertos, M. 1997. Effects of agriculture on soil and water chemistry in the Elkhorn Slough watershed.
• Letourneau, D. and Goldstein, B. 1996. Insect diversity in agricultural landscapes: contrast between organic and inorganic farming practices.
• Minta, S. and Heinemeyer, K. 1997. Ecology of Martens in Yellowstone.
• Press, D. and Malcolm, H. 1997. Local-level open space preservation in Santa Clara County.
• Rein, F. 1997. The effects of vegetated buffer strips in reducing erosion in Elkhorn Slough.
• Schumaker, N. 1994. Spotted Owls in fragmented forests.
• Shennan, C. and Bode, C. 1997. Sump rotation cycles as a future management option for the Tule Lake Wildlife Refuge.
• Thorne, E. 1996. Arctic wetland delineation using SAR radar imagery. Project in conjuction with NASA.
• Thorne, E. 1997. Land use and wetland changes over time in the San Francisco Bay Delta.

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